Passive verb building, rules

Passive verbs

Verbtime uses the rules listed here to build passive verbs.

Passive verbs are always built with essere!
If a verb does not have a Participio Passato, then the passive form cannot be built.
Generally spoken the following building scheme is valid for all passive verbs:


              Singular I     [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)
              Singular II    [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)
              Singular III   [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)
              Plural I       [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)
              Plural II      [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)
              Plural III     [essere] + Participio Passato (Verb)

Simple tenses as well as composed tenses are built by combining the conjugated auxiliary verb "essere" with the verb’s Participio Passato. The last character of the verb’s Participio Passato and the last character of the Participio Passato part of the conjugated verb "essere" (in composed tenses) are changed according to person (male / female) and verb form (singular / plural).

Here, the following applies to simple tenses:

Singular male:	[essere] + Participio Passato (verb) + o	(e.g. sono andato)
Plural male:	[essere] + Participio Passato (verb) + i	(e.g. siamo andati)
Singular female:	[essere] + Participio Passato (verb) + a	(e.g. sono andata)
Plural female:	[essere] + Participio Passato (verb) + e	(e.g. siamo andate)

And for composed tenses:

Singular male:	[essere] + o + Participio Passato (verb) + o	(e.g. sono stato andato)
Plural male:	[essere] + i + Participio Passato (verb) + i	(e.g. siamo stati andati)
Singular female:	[essere] + a + Participio Passato (verb) + a	(e.g. sono stata andata)
Plural female:	[essere] + e + Participio Passato (verb) + e	(e.g. siamo state andate)

also see:
Italian verb table, overview
Passive verb building, example verb